Coal Seam Gas - 853 Words

Coal seam gas (CSG) is mostly composed of methane and is typically attached to coal underground. This gas is released when pressure on the coal seam is reduced by removing water from the seams (Queensland Government, 2014 ). In order to obtain the gas, wells are drilled into the coal seams, bringing water from the coal seams to the surface. This process reduces pressure and allows the gas to be released (Queensland Government, 2014 ). CSG is an important energy resource in Queensland and production of this gas takes up an ever-increasing proportion of Queensland gas use. Almost every farmer in Queensland depends at times on underground water. The effect of CSG extraction using underground fracturing on underground water is not clear. Basic sets of impacts that are broadly well understood are that aquifer levels will sink dramatically and will depressurise. It also risks groundwater contamination and the salt that is present in the water of coal seams will be brought to the surface as well, in a quantity of about 1.8 million tonnes of salt per year (ABC, 2010). There are several types of water contamination that are possible. One is through the injection of chemicals through the fracking processes, which will go underground and can travel to nearby water systems that are in use (Gasfield Free Northern Rivers, 2014). Another is through chemicals that naturally exist in coal seams being taken out of the coal seams and exposed to other the various water systems nearby. Some ofShow MoreRelatedCoal Seam Gas : Coal Gas Essay1162 Words   |  5 PagesCoal S eam Gas What is coal seam gas? Coal Seam Gas (CSG) is a natural methane gas found in coal seams made by coal forming under the earth for millions of years. Countries such as the United States and China have utilised it for energy needs. Methane lines the inside of the coal cracks, pores and micro-pores and is found in the open fractures (cleats) and seams. (1) CSG is also known as Coal bed methane (CBM) and Unconventional Gas. Unlike coal itself, the gas lacks hydrogen sulphide. It is extractedRead MoreCoal Seam Gas2081 Words   |  9 PagesWHAT IS COAL SEAM GAS (CSG)? CSG is a naturally occurring methane gas which is known as Coal Bed Methane (CBM). It is a-by product of ancient plant matter that has formed over millions of years by the same natural processes which produce coal. Not long ago this gas was identified as a major problem in the underground coal mining industry due to it’s high flammability despite this, it is now recognised as a very profitable resource. The coal seams are generally filled with water and it is theRead MoreCoal Seam Gas Exploration And Development1828 Words   |  8 PagesISSUE: Coal seam gas exploration and development is rapidly increasing within Australia (Woodman and Silver, 2013). This increase has sparked significant concern within the community about the potential environmental, social and economic impacts that could result, which could possibly put a standstill to CSG mining, costing the state millions of dollars in revenue (Jaques and Galloway, 2012). BACKGROUND Coal seam gas or CSG is a naturally occurring found in coal seam deposits. Australia hasRead MoreThe Exploration And Development Of Coal Seam Gas1092 Words   |  5 PagesThe exploration and development of coal seam gas (CSG) have important strategic significance. On one hand, it improves energy structure and increases energy resources. On the other hand, the CSG indirectly protects the global environment by using the clean energy. Although the CSG has so many benefits, CSG extraction is still an industry of high input, high risk and high technology needing under the current conditions. In order to reduce its potential risk, it is essential to operate the projectRead MoreHarmful Effects On The Environment And Surrounding Agricultural Lands Are The Negative Externality Effects Associated With Coal Seam Gas1691 Words   |  7 Pagessurrounding agricultural lands are the negative externality effects associated with coal-seam gas. This stems from problems such as the exhaustion and/or contamination of clean water resources. 1b) As seen from figure one, negative externality creates a social marginal cost that is substantially higher than the actual level of coal-seam gas mining (private marginal cost). It is evident that coal seam mining has an ‘un-priced’ cost, which is not included in the private marginal costRead MoreShould Farmers Forced The Gas Exploration On Their Lands?1134 Words   |  5 PagesShould Farmers be forced to Allow Coal Seam Gas Exploration on Their lands? Introduction Coal Seam Gas which is commonly referred to as CSG is a type of natural gas found in coal deposits. Over millions of years natural gas is formed from plant matter which when under pressure forms natural gas. Coal seam gas and natural gas are used in the same form and in the same way generally for cooking and heating whilst it is commonly used for industrial purposes and electrical generation. Australia’s largestRead MoreFracking And Fracture Stimulation Techniques Essay1081 Words   |  5 PagesFracking in CSG mining is a process where a mixture of water, sand and additives are pumped under pressure into a coal seam to open up already existent cracks in the coal strata. Fracturing fluid is 97%-99% sand and water, with a small amount of commonly used biodegradable compounds to prevent bacterial growth and turn the fluid into a gel so it can be pumped more easily (What is coal seam gas? - NSW Resources and Energy, 2016). The CSIRO suggests the components of fracturing fluid are : guar gum, sodiumRead MoreThe Effects Of Co2 On The Permeability Of Indian Bituminous Coal1521 Words   |  7 Pagesinjection on the permeability of Indian bituminous coal at different confining and injection pressure. The major approach of the journal is to clarify about when and how would the incensement of injection pressure have impact on the permeability of coalbed methane. As a final year Civil Engineering student, I found this journal is educational and inspiring. The research shows a comprehensive explanation of how pressure and stress of permeability of coal to sub-critical CO2 is tested. Summary In orderRead MoreHuman Activities Causes Climate Change Essay1443 Words   |  6 Pagesseen in the figure below (1).This heavy dependence on fossil fuels has encouraged the use, research and development of new alternative energy sources such as Coal seam gas (CSG) which have reduced greenhouse gas emissions. CSG is obtained through drilling into the pores of coal seams then using water to fracture and open the pores in the coal seams which contain high levels of methane. After this fracturing process the pressure within the borehole is reduced and the methane along with the water risesRead MoreEssay On Ready Made Fuels1064 Words   |  5 Pagesand some inorganic compounds. Mined from seams of coal, found sandwiched between layers of rock in the earth. Burnt to provide heat or electricity. Ready-made fuel. It is relatively cheap to mine and to convert into energy. Coal supplies will last longer than oil or gas. When burned coal gives off atmospheric pollutants, including greenhouse gases. Oil (fossil fuel) A carbon-based liquid formed from fossilised animals. Lakes of oil are sandwiched between seams of rock in the earth. Pipes are sunk down